scientific research
What is NAD+?
NAD+ is an essential energy-producing factor for the human body, converted from vitamin B3. Until recently, NAD+ was not used in research studies alongside anti-aging antioxidants. When NAD+ levels in the human body gradually decline with age, it reduces the vitality of brain cells and affects the energy they need. As a result, many of the physiological functions that keep us healthy decline, and we show signs of aging.
Aging Process and NAD+
Scientists find clear link between declining NAD+ levels in the body and poor health as we age
What is the relationship between NAD+ and NMN?
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is the precursor of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). In recent years, NMN has become a hot topic around the world. World-renowned anti-aging expert and Nobel Prize winner Professor David Sinclair showed that after taking NMN to elderly mice, NMN will be converted into NAD+, and cells in the body can be repaired normally, while the physiological functions of two-year-old mice have been proven Target age can be rejuvenated by 6 months. In human terms, it means rejuvenation at the age of 60 until the age of 40. In addition, Professor David announced in the journal Cell in December 2013 that oral administration of NMN can significantly increase the NAD+ content of the proliferative factor.
The most direct and effective way to increase NMN - NAD+
NMN (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide/β-nicotinamide mononucleotide) is the most direct precursor of NAD+ and is a naturally occurring substance in all living organisms, including the human body and various foods. However, because the content of NMN in food is very low, it cannot be fully supplemented by daily diet alone.
The NAD+ molecule is relatively large and is not suitable for directly replenishing NAD+ from outside the body. It cannot easily penetrate the cell membrane and enter the cell interior. The innovative NMN molecule is small and can easily pass through cell membranes, enter cells and be absorbed by the body. It is very suitable for increasing NAD+ levels.
NMN research results
The role of NMN in delaying cellular aging has been published in the world's two major scientific journals, Science and Nature, and has received enthusiastic attention.
World's first human clinical publication claiming positive effects of NMN
NMN leads the world in scientific research. Professor Shinichiro Imai is an absolute authority in the field of NMN and published the results of the world's first human clinical trial in the top scientific journal "Science". Because of differences in the body structure of mice and humans, previous studies have not yet passed through human clinical trials. .This study is the first to demonstrate through high-level human clinical trials that NMN is effective in humans, especially in patients with early-stage diabetes.
Throughout the nearly 100 years of anti-aging research history, scientists have discovered that NAD+ molecules in cells can stimulate cell activity and delay aging. With the discovery of NMN precursors in recent decades, we can anti-aging by taking NMN products.
NMN enhances organ immunity
Coronavirus infection and dysregulation of PARP expression lead to dysregulation of the NAD metabolome, a viable component of innate immunity. The innovative NMN molecule is small and can easily pass through cell membranes, enter cells and be absorbed by the body, increasing NAD+ levels and enhancing organ immunity.
NMN protects the optic nerve and reduces retinal damage
David Sinclair, a professor at Harvard University, published an article in the top scientific journal "Aging" stating that NMN strongly protects the optic nerve and can greatly inhibit the further aggravation of problems such as retinal detachment.
Previously, the scientific community believed that the neuroprotective effect of NMN was achieved by restoring reduced NAD+ levels to a healthy state. It emphasizes "checking for leaks and filling them up."
NMN can treat hair loss
At the 71st Korean Dermatology Conference, Professor Han Zhexin of Sungsil University revealed that they are developing a new hair growth technology.
They used microneedles to implant NMN into the scalps of 20 patients with male pattern baldness in combination with the growth factor cocktail Cellcurin™.
After 3 months of treatment, all patients experienced significant improvements in hair volume and texture. Professor Han Zhexin also said that he will conduct more complete and larger-scale clinical trials. Previously, the scientific community believed that the neuroprotective effect of NMN was achieved by restoring reduced NAD+ levels to a healthy state. It emphasizes "checking for leaks and filling them up."
NMN rejuvenates aging egg cells
In February 2021, Professor Xiong Bo from Nanjing Agricultural University in China concluded that NMN's NAD+ supplementation and mitochondrial repair capabilities can protect egg cells from various environmental toxins, thereby significantly slowing down female reproductive aging.
Researchers at the University of South New Wales in Australia found that after adding NMN to the drinking water of 12-month-old mice and feeding them for four weeks, 85% of the eggs regained the characteristics of young eggs. Five-month-old pups also showed similar results, confirming the powerful efficacy of NMN on reproductive aging.
New anti-aging mechanism of NMN
On February 2, 2021, Professor Takeshi Utsumi, a famous scholar at Kyushu University in Japan, said that NMN can restore mitochondrial function, promote autophagy, enhance lysosomal function, and improve systemic protein stability. A new study was published showing that, according to Utsumi, NMN simultaneously improved two hallmarks of aging: mitochondrial dysfunction and imbalanced proteostasis.
NMN increases NAD+ in the brain and reduces neurodegeneration
Researchers from the University of Memphis in the United States found through animal experiments that oral administration of NMN can successfully cross the blood-brain barrier within 45 minutes and increase NAD+ levels in brain tissue.
This finding implies that NMN increases NAD+ levels, serving as a pharmacological and theoretical basis for the treatment of retinal degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
NMN enhances GLP-1 and lowers blood sugar
GLP-1 (human glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have been shown to 1. have strong hypoglycemic effects and 2. have a low risk of hypoglycemia. 3. Reduce weight and provide cardiovascular benefits. Because it has the benefit of protecting the kidneys. In recent years, it has become the most popular new drug as a treatment for diabetes and has been approved as an indication for obesity.
GLP-1 is a gastrointestinal hormone secreted by intestinal epithelial cells that promotes pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin after meals, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. GLP-1 secretion is reduced in obese and diabetic patients. Researchers at Kyoto University in Japan found that feeding obese mice with NMN increased GLP-1 production, reduced postprandial blood sugar levels, and improved obesity-related metabolic disorders. This study reveals a new molecular mechanism by which NMN improves metabolism.
NMN improves inflammatory bowel disease
A Korean study found that NMN supplementation reduced the severity of colitis and improved survival in mice. Researchers found that a lack of NAD+ in mice with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) resulted in impaired feeding. After a compromised diet, it becomes difficult to clear pathogens from the body, exacerbating inflammation.
This phenomenon is also present in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and sepsis, potentially reducing the severity of various inflammatory diseases.
NMN improves human metabolic function
On April 23, 2021, Dr. Shinichiro Imai of Japan published the results of the world's first human clinical trial of NMN in the scientific magazine "Science", conducting a trial on a middle-aged woman. AKT threonine 308 and serine 473 levels were significantly increased, and NMN significantly improved skeletal muscle regeneration and recovery. The subjects' skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity increased by 31%, indicating that NMN significantly slowed metabolic aging in humans.
NMN may treat osteoporosis in older adults
In February 2022, the scientific research results completed by the Tianjin Medical University team were published in "AgingCell", a well-known magazine in the field of aging science. This study found that elevated NAP1L2 protein levels can cause mesenchymal stem cells to age, inhibit the osteogenic function of bones, and cause senile osteoporosis. In contrast, molecular screens revealed that NMN can bind to the NAP1L2 protein and act as a specific inhibitor of increased levels of it.
NMN improves fatigue
On February 11, 2022, the results of the NMN human clinical trial led by the University of Tsukuba in Japan were announced. After 12 weeks of testing, the subjects did not experience any side effects. Subjects who took NMN in the afternoon reported better physical performance in their lower limbs and significantly less fatigue (less sleepiness). This study supports the efficacy of NMN in improving fatigue and promoting physical function, thereby improving physical and mental health in older adults.
NMN helps prevent COVID-19 infection
On April 29, 2022, the research results of the Xu Zhiheng team of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Qin Chengfeng team of the Beijing Institute of Microbial Epidemiology, and the Hu Zeping team of the School of Pharmacy of Tsinghua University were announced in the journal Cell Discovery.
This study found that NMN supplements had similar NAD+ effects in COVID-19. This means that it can not only improve NAD+ metabolic dysfunction caused by coronavirus infection, but also improve and prevent immune response dysregulation and cell death-related gene expression.
Nagasaki University 5-ALA Experiment Report
Nagasaki University and New Pharmaceutical Pharmaceuticals (NPJ) conducted a SARS-CoV-2 infection experiment on Omicron mutant strains in the laboratory and reported the in vitro antiviral effect of 5-aminovaleric acid (5-ALA) against this mutant strain. , as potential COVID-19 treatments and preventive measures. This research was accepted by the international journal Tropical Medicine and Health on April 8, 2022. The findings suggest that 5-aminovaleric acid may be used as an antiviral drug candidate to treat patients infected with Omicron variants.
U.S. National Library of Medicine-National Center for Biotechnology Information Research Report
5-ALA inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
The current COVID-19 pandemic urgently requires the development of effective treatments. 5-Aminovaleric acid (5-ALA) is a naturally synthesized amino acid that has been used for a variety of purposes due to its high bioavailability, including as an anti-cancer therapy and dietary supplement. In this study, we demonstrate that 5-ALA treatment can effectively inhibit infection by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, in cell culture. This antiviral effect was detectable in both human and non-human cells without significant cytotoxicity. Therefore, 5-ALA deserves further investigation as an antiviral drug candidate for COVID-19.